Three Phase Power Calculator
Calculate balanced three-phase real power using line voltage and current.
Formula
P = √3 × Vline × Iline × PF for a balanced three-phase system.
How Three-Phase Power Is Calculated
Balanced three-phase systems deliver power through three AC phases. Using line-to-line voltage, line current and power factor, real power is calculated with the √3 multiplier.
Example Calculation
At 400 V, 20 A and a 0.9 power factor, P = √3 × 400 × 20 × 0.9 ≈ 12.47 kW.
Factors and Interpretation
Real power increases with voltage, current and power factor. The formula assumes a balanced system and RMS line values. Unbalanced systems require phase-by-phase analysis.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is √3 used?
It comes from the 120-degree phase relationship in a balanced three-phase system when using line quantities.
Is power factor required?
Yes for real power. Omitting it gives apparent power rather than watts.
Does this work for single-phase circuits?
No. Use the AC Power Calculator for single-phase real power.
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Formula and Practical Limits
Balanced three-phase real power is commonly P = √3 VL IL PF when line voltage and line current are used. Connection type, balance, waveform quality and power factor matter in practical systems.